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</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Higher Learning Commission</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="North_Central_Association_of_Colleges_and_Schools" title="North Central Association of Colleges and Schools">North Central Association of Colleges and Schools</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Formation</th><td class="infobox-data note">1895</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Purpose</th><td class="infobox-data">Higher education accreditation</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a>, Illinois</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Region served </div></th><td class="infobox-data">United States</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Main organ</div></th><td class="infobox-data">Board of Directors</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Affiliations</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Council_for_Higher_Education_Accreditation" title="Council for Higher Education Accreditation">CHEA</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hlcommission.org/">hlcommission.org</a></td></tr></tbody></table>
<p>The <b>Higher Learning Commission</b> (<b>HLC</b>) is an <a href="Higher_education_accreditation_in_the_United_States" title="Higher education accreditation in the United States">institutional accreditor</a> in the United States. It has historically accredited post-secondary education institutions in the central United States: <a href="Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a>, <a href="Arkansas" title="Arkansas">Arkansas</a>, <a href="Colorado" title="Colorado">Colorado</a>, <a href="Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a>, <a href="Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a>, <a href="Iowa" title="Iowa">Iowa</a>, <a href="Kansas" title="Kansas">Kansas</a>, <a href="Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a>, <a href="Minnesota" title="Minnesota">Minnesota</a>, <a href="Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a>, <a href="Nebraska" title="Nebraska">Nebraska</a>, <a href="New_Mexico" title="New Mexico">New Mexico</a>, <a href="North_Dakota" title="North Dakota">North Dakota</a>, <a href="Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a>, <a href="Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a>, <a href="South_Dakota" title="South Dakota">South Dakota</a>, <a href="West_Virginia" title="West Virginia">West Virginia</a>, <a href="Wisconsin" title="Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a>, and <a href="Wyoming" title="Wyoming">Wyoming</a>. The headquarters of the organization is in <a href="Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a>, Illinois.
</p><p>The <a href="United_States_Department_of_Education" title="United States Department of Education">United States Department of Education</a> and the <a href="Council_for_Higher_Education_Accreditation" title="Council for Higher Education Accreditation">Council for Higher Education Accreditation</a> recognize the commission as an institutional accreditor.<sup id="cite_ref-DOE-accrediting-agencies_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DOE-accrediting-agencies-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CHEA-regional-accreditors-2009-2010_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CHEA-regional-accreditors-2009-2010-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> HLC grew out of the higher education division of the <a href="North_Central_Association_of_Colleges_and_Schools" title="North Central Association of Colleges and Schools">North Central Association of Colleges and Schools</a> (NCA), which dissolved in 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-HLC-about_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HLC-about-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Criteria_for_accreditation">Criteria for accreditation</h2></div>
<p>The Higher Learning Commission has five major criteria for accreditation.<sup id="cite_ref-HLC-2018-03-Criteria-for-accreditation_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HLC-2018-03-Criteria-for-accreditation-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They are:
(1) Mission,
(2) Ethics,
(3) Teaching and Learning: Quality, Resources, and Support,
(4) Teaching and Learning: Evaluation and Improvement,
and (5) Resources, Planning, and Institutional Effectiveness.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Criticism">Criticism</h2></div>
<p>In 2009, the Office of the Inspector General of the <a href="U.S._Department_of_Education" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Department of Education">U.S. Department of Education</a> (OIG-ED) criticized the Higher Learning Commission's oversight of <a href="For-profit_colleges" class="mw-redirect" title="For-profit colleges">for-profit colleges</a> and recommended that the agency consider "limiting, suspending, or terminating the organization's status."<sup id="cite_ref-Kelderman-2009-12-17_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kelderman-2009-12-17-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although the OIG reaffirmed their recommendation that the department consider sanctions for the HLC the following year, adding critical reviews of HLC's accreditation of <a href="American_InterContinental_University" title="American InterContinental University">American InterContinental University</a> and <a href="The_Art_Institute_of_Colorado" class="mw-redirect" title="The Art Institute of Colorado">The Art Institute of Colorado</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Kelderman-2010-05-27_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kelderman-2010-05-27-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the Department of Education did not withdraw or limit HLC's accreditation authority. Six years later in 2015, the OIG-ED again criticized HLC, this time with an audit on the review process the HLC used while considering colleges' proposals for competency-based credentials.<sup id="cite_ref-Fain-2015-10-05_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fain-2015-10-05-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Academic_Quality_Improvement_Program">Academic Quality Improvement Program</h2></div>
<p>The <b>Academic Quality Improvement Program</b> is a set of policies and procedures that institutions can follow in order to maintain accreditation by the HLC.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="History">History</h3></div>

<p>The Academic Quality Improvement Program (AQIP) was developed as the "Academic Quality Improvement Project" beginning in 1999 by Stephen Spangehl at the Higher Learning Commission (HLC) (then the <a href="North_Central_Association_of_Colleges_and_Schools" title="North Central Association of Colleges and Schools">North Central Association of Colleges and Schools</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The project was funded by a grant from the Pew Charitable Trusts.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The project was inspired by Spangehl's experience as an examiner for the <a href="Malcolm_Baldrige_National_Quality_Award" title="Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award">Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award</a>, and sought to apply the principles of <a href="Total_quality_management" title="Total quality management">Total quality management</a> to higher education.
</p><p>AQIP originally focused on 9 categories of activity that lent themselves to self-assessment and continuous improvement,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> improved and refined in 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The guidelines identified ten core principles—Focus, Involvement, Leadership, Learning, People, Collaboration, Agility, Foresight, Information, and Integrity—that high performing organizations use to guide their operations, and required institutions to develop their own projects to apply those principles tho their own activity and measure their success.
</p><p>The program took a collaborative approach with "Strategy Forums" where groups of institutions shared their insights about the "Action Projects" they undertook to address various challenges. The records of Action Projects were stored in an online network that other participants could access and use as guidance for future improvements. At the end of the review cycle institutions were responsible for preparing a "Systems Portfolio" that required them to answer specific question about processes, results, and improvements for each of the 9 AQIP categories.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modern_Form">Modern Form</h3></div>
<p>Known as the "AQIP Pathway", AQIP was one of three options (including Standard and Open Pathways) that institutions accredited by the Higher Learning Commission were able to pursue for reaccreditation.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Linnea Stenson served as director of the program from 2015 to 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>In order to elect participation in AQIP,<sup id="cite_ref-a-pathway_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-a-pathway-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> institutions were required to be accredited for ten years and to have demonstrated established foundations in "expected practice" under traditional pathways. Numerous factors might have made an institution ineligible for the optional pathway, including recent change in control, substantive change,<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> sanction, monitoring, or if the accreditor had serious concerns about the institution's conduct or commitment to required accreditation activities.
</p><p>At the end of academic year 2019–2020, HLC officially phased out AQIP as an accreditation pathway,<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> leaving only Standard and Open Pathways as re-accreditation options.<sup id="cite_ref-a-pathway_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-a-pathway-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div>
<ul><li><a href="AdvancED" class="mw-redirect" title="AdvancED">AdvancED</a> (accrediting agency for primary and secondary schools that evolved from the NCA).</li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>
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<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170919223035/http://www.hlcommission.org/Accreditation/aqip-overview.html">"AQIP Pathway Overview"</a>. Higher Learning Commission. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hlcommission.org/Accreditation/aqip-overview.html">the original</a> on September 19, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 26,</span> 2017</span>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hlcommission.org/About-the-Commission/about-hlc.html">"About the Higher Learning Commission"</a>. Higher Learning Commission<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 26,</span> 2017</span>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFSpangehl2012" class="citation journal cs1">Spangehl, Stephen D. (April 1, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thefreelibrary.com/AQIP+and+accreditation%3a+improving+quality+and+performance%3a+merely...-a0298504018">"AQIP and Accreditation: Improving Quality and Performance"</a>. <i>Planning for Higher Education</i>. <b>40</b> (3) – via <a href="The_Free_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="The Free Library">The Free Library</a>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aqip.pbworks.com/f/The+AQIP+Principles+and+Categories+(2000).pdf">"Principles and Categories for Improving Academic Quality"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Higher Learning Commission. 2005.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aqip.pbworks.com/f/AQIP+Categories+(2008).pdf">"AQIP Categories and Items - 2008 Revision"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Higher Learning Commission<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 26,</span> 2017</span>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170711091547/http://www.hlcommission.org/Pathways/aqip-overview.html">"AQIP Pathway - Pathways"</a>. <i>Accreditation Processes</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hlcommission.org/Pathways/aqip-overview.html">the original</a> on July 11, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 19,</span> 2022</span>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hlcommission.org/About-HLC/staff-liaisons.html">"Staff Liaisons | About HLC"</a>. <i>Higher Learning Commission</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230930001605/https://www.hlcommission.org/About-HLC/staff-liaisons.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 30, 2023.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-a-pathway-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-a-pathway_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-a-pathway_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hlcommission.org/Accreditation/choosing-a-pathway.html">"Choosing a Pathway | Accreditation"</a>. <i>Higher Learning Commission</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231211223936/https://www.hlcommission.org/Accreditation/choosing-a-pathway.html">Archived</a> from the original on December 11, 2023.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170711205012/http://www.hlcommission.org/Monitoring/institutional-change.html">"Institutional Change - Monitoring"</a>. <i>Accreditation Processes</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hlcommission.org/Monitoring/institutional-change.html">the original</a> on July 11, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 19,</span> 2022</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://download.hlcommission.org/HLCResourceGuide_INF.pdf">https://download.hlcommission.org/HLCResourceGuide_INF.pdf</a> </span>
</li>
</ol></div>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>
<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hlcommission.org/">Official website</a></li></ul>
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</style><div id="Postsecondary_institutional_accreditors_recognized_by_the_U.S._Department_of_Education221" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Higher_education_accreditation_in_the_United_States#Recognized_institutional_accreditors" title="Higher education accreditation in the United States">Postsecondary institutional accreditors</a> recognized by the <a href="United_States_Department_of_Education" title="United States Department of Education">U.S. Department of Education</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li>Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Accreditation Council for Education in Nutrition and Dietetics</li>
<li><a href="Accrediting_Bureau_of_Health_Education_Schools" title="Accrediting Bureau of Health Education Schools">Accrediting Bureau of Health Education Schools</a></li>
<li><a href="Accreditation_Commission_for_Acupuncture_and_Herbal_Medicine" title="Accreditation Commission for Acupuncture and Herbal Medicine">Accreditation Commission for Acupuncture and Herbal Medicine</a></li>
<li><a href="National_League_for_Nursing#Accrediting_Commission" title="National League for Nursing">Accreditation Commission for Education in Nursing</a></li>
<li><a href="Accrediting_Commission_of_Career_Schools_and_Colleges" title="Accrediting Commission of Career Schools and Colleges">Accrediting Commission of Career Schools and Colleges</a></li>
<li><a href="Accrediting_Council_for_Continuing_Education_and_Training" title="Accrediting Council for Continuing Education and Training">Accrediting Council for Continuing Education and Training</a></li>
<li><a href="American_Bar_Association#Accreditation_of_U.S._law_schools_since_1923" title="American Bar Association">American Bar Association</a></li>
<li>American Board of Funeral Service Education</li>
<li><a href="American_Osteopathic_Association" title="American Osteopathic Association">American Osteopathic Association</a></li>
<li><a href="American_Podiatric_Medical_Association" title="American Podiatric Medical Association">American Podiatric Medical Association</a></li>
<li><a href="Association_for_Biblical_Higher_Education" title="Association for Biblical Higher Education">Association for Biblical Higher Education</a></li>
<li><a href="Association_of_Advanced_Rabbinical_and_Talmudic_Schools" title="Association of Advanced Rabbinical and Talmudic Schools">Association of Advanced Rabbinical and Talmudic Schools</a></li>
<li>Association of Institutions of Jewish Studies</li>
<li><a href="Association_of_Theological_Schools_in_the_United_States_and_Canada" title="Association of Theological Schools in the United States and Canada">Association of Theological Schools</a></li>
<li><a href="Commission_on_English_Language_Program_Accreditation" title="Commission on English Language Program Accreditation">Commission on English Language Program Accreditation</a></li>
<li>Commission on Massage Therapy Accreditation</li>
<li>Council on Accreditation of Nurse Anesthesia Educational Programs</li>
<li><a href="Council_on_Chiropractic_Education_%E2%80%93_USA" title="Council on Chiropractic Education – USA">Council on Chiropractic Education</a></li>
<li><a href="Council_on_Occupational_Education" title="Council on Occupational Education">Council on Occupational Education</a></li>
<li><a href="Distance_Education_Accrediting_Commission" title="Distance Education Accrediting Commission">Distance Education Accrediting Commission</a></li>

<li>Joint Review Committee on Education in Radiologic Technology</li>
<li><a href="Middle_States_Commission_on_Higher_Education" title="Middle States Commission on Higher Education">Middle States Commission on Higher Education</a></li>
<li><a href="Middle_States_Association_of_Colleges_and_Schools" title="Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools">Middle States Commission on Secondary Schools</a></li>
<li>Midwifery Education Accreditation Council</li>
<li>Montessori Accreditation Council for Teacher Education</li>
<li>National Accrediting Commission of Career Arts and Sciences</li>
<li><a href="National_Association_of_Schools_of_Art_and_Design" title="National Association of Schools of Art and Design">National Association of Schools of Art and Design</a></li>
<li>National Association of Schools of Dance</li>
<li><a href="National_Association_of_Schools_of_Music" title="National Association of Schools of Music">National Association of Schools of Music</a></li>
<li>National Association of Schools of Theatre</li>
<li><a href="New_England_Commission_of_Higher_Education" title="New England Commission of Higher Education">New England Commission of Higher Education</a></li>
<li><a href="Northwest_Commission_on_Colleges_and_Universities" title="Northwest Commission on Colleges and Universities">Northwest Commission on Colleges and Universities</a></li>
<li><a href="Southern_Association_of_Colleges_and_Schools" title="Southern Association of Colleges and Schools">Southern Association of Colleges and Schools</a></li>
<li><a href="Transnational_Association_of_Christian_Colleges_and_Schools" title="Transnational Association of Christian Colleges and Schools">Transnational Association of Christian Colleges and Schools</a></li>
<li><a href="Accrediting_Commission_for_Community_and_Junior_Colleges" title="Accrediting Commission for Community and Junior Colleges">WASC Accrediting Commission for Community and Junior Colleges</a></li>
<li><a href="Western_Association_of_Schools_and_Colleges#WASC_Senior_College_and_University_Commission" title="Western Association of Schools and Colleges">WASC Senior College and University Commission</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7739633#identifiers&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata682" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7739633#identifiers&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata682" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Authority control databases </div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000095643287">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/141061891">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2003027326">United States</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6kx1vnn">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><!--htdig_noindex--><div><div class="zim-footer">
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